Developer(s) | Oracle Corporation |
---|---|
Stable release | |
Operating system | Windows NT, macOS, Linux, Solaris |
Platform | IA-32, x64, ARM, SPARC |
Type | Software development kit |
License | Sun License (most of it also under GPL) |
Website | www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/ |
The Java Development Kit (JDK) is an implementation of either one of the Java Platform, Standard Edition, Java Platform, Enterprise Edition, or Java Platform, Micro Edition platforms[1] released by Oracle Corporation in the form of a binary product aimed at Java developers on Solaris, Linux, macOS or Windows. The JDK includes a private JVM and a few other resources to finish the development of a Java Application.[2] Since the introduction of the Java platform, it has been by far the most widely used Software Development Kit (SDK).[citation needed] On 17 November 2006, Sun announced that they would release it under the GNU General Public License (GPL), thus making it free software. This happened in large part on 8 May 2007, when Sun contributed the source code to the OpenJDK.[3]
The JDK is a development environment for building applications, applets, and components using the Java programming language. The JDK includes tools useful for developing and testing programs written in the Java programming language and running on the Java platform.
JDK contents[edit]
The JDK has as its primary components a collection of programming tools, including:
- appletviewer – this tool can be used to run and debug Java applets without a web browser
- apt – the annotation-processing tool[4]
- extcheck – a utility that detects JAR file conflicts
- idlj – the IDL-to-Java compiler. This utility generates Java bindings from a given Java IDL file.
- jabswitch – the Java Access Bridge. Exposes assistive technologies on Microsoft Windows systems.
- java – the loader for Java applications. This tool is an interpreter and can interpret the class files generated by the javac compiler. Now a single launcher is used for both development and deployment. The old deployment launcher, jre, no longer comes with Sun JDK, and instead it has been replaced by this new java loader.
- javac – the Java compiler, which converts source code into Java bytecode
- javadoc – the documentation generator, which automatically generates documentation from source code comments
- jar – the archiver, which packages related class libraries into a single JAR file. This tool also helps manage JAR files.
- javafxpackager – tool to package and sign JavaFX applications
- jarsigner – the jar signing and verification tool
- javah – the C header and stub generator, used to write native methods
- javap – the class file disassembler
- javaws – the Java Web Start launcher for JNLP applications
- JConsole – Java Monitoring and Management Console
- jdb – the debugger
- jhat – Java Heap Analysis Tool (experimental)
- jinfo – This utility gets configuration information from a running Java process or crash dump. (experimental)
- jmap Oracle jmap - Memory Map– This utility outputs the memory map for Java and can print shared object memory maps or heap memory details of a given process or core dump. (experimental)
- jmc – Java Mission Control
- jps – Java Virtual Machine Process Status Tool lists the instrumented HotSpot Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) on the target system. (experimental)
- jrunscript – Java command-line scriptshell.
- jshell - The new jshell introduced in java 9.
- jstack – utility that prints Java stack traces of Java threads (experimental)
- jstat – Java Virtual Machine statistics monitoring tool (experimental)
- jstatd – jstat daemon (experimental)
- keytool – tool for manipulating the keystore
- pack200 – JAR compression tool
- policytool – the policy creation and management tool, which can determine policy for a Java runtime, specifying which permissions are available for code from various sources.
- VisualVM – visual tool integrating several command-line JDK tools and lightweight[clarification needed] performance and memory profiling capabilities
- wsimport – generates portable JAX-WS artifacts for invoking a web service.
- xjc – Part of the Java API for XML Binding (JAXB) API. It accepts an XML schema and generates Java classes.
Experimental tools may not be available in future versions of the JDK.
The JDK also comes with a complete Java Runtime Environment, usually called a private runtime, due to the fact that it is separated from the 'regular' JRE and has extra contents. It consists of a Java Virtual Machine and all of the class libraries present in the production environment, as well as additional libraries only useful to developers, such as the internationalization libraries and the IDL libraries.
Copies of the JDK also include a wide selection of example programs demonstrating the use of almost all portions of the Java API.
Ambiguity between a JDK and an SDK[edit]
The JDK forms an extended subset of a software development kit (SDK). It includes 'tools for developing, debugging, and monitoring Java applications'.[5] Oracle strongly suggests to now use the term JDK to refer to the Java SE Development Kit. The Java SE SDK is available with or without the JDK, by which they specifically mean the Java SE 7 JDK.[6]
Other JDKs[edit]
In addition to the most widely used JDK discussed in this article, there are other JDKs commonly available for a variety of platforms, some of which started from the Sun JDK source and some that did not. All adhere to the basic Java specifications, but often differ in explicitly unspecified areas, such as garbage collection, compilation strategies, and optimization techniques. They include:
In development or in maintenance mode:
- Azul Systems Zing, low latency JDK for Linux;[7]
- Azul Systems / OpenJDK-based Zulu for Linux, Windows, Mac OS X, embedded and the cloud;[8]
- OpenJDK / IcedTea;
- AicasJamaicaVM;
- IBM J9 JDK, for AIX, Linux, Windows, MVS, OS/400, Pocket PC, z/OS;[9]
Not being maintained or discontinued:
- Apple's Mac OS Runtime for Java JVM/JDK for Classic Mac OS[10]
- Blackdown Java – Port of Sun's JDK for Linux[11][12]
- GNU's Classpath and GCJ (The GNU Compiler for Java);
- Oracle Corporation's JRockit JDK, for Windows, Linux, and Solaris;[13]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Java SE 7 Features and Enhancements'. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^'OpenJDK homepage'. Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^'Sun's May 8th announcement of source code for JDK'.
- ^'JDK 5.0 Java Annotation Processing Tool (APT)-related APIs & Developer Guides -- from Sun Microsystems'. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'Java SE Downloads'. Oracle. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ^'Java EE 7 SDK distributions require JDK 7''Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 7 SDK - Installation Instructions'. Installing the Software. Oracle. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ^'Azul Zing product page'.
- ^'Azul Zulu download page'.
- ^'developerWorks : IBM developer kits : Downloads'. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'Support at Apple'. Archived from the original on 13 December 2007.Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=
(help) - ^'Java Linux Contact Information'. Archived from the original on 7 August 2007. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'Java-Linux Latest Information'. Archived from the original on 19 October 1996. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^'JRockit Family Download page'. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
External links[edit]
- GNU Classpath – a Free software JDK alternative[citation needed]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Java_Development_Kit&oldid=908503545'
See JDK 7 and JRE 7 Installation Guide for general information about installing JDK 7 and JRE 7.
See the Mac OS X Platform Install FAQ for general information about installing JDK 7 on Mac OS X.
Contents
System Requirements
- Any Intel-based Mac running Mac OS X 10.7.3 (Lion) or later.
- Administrator privileges.
Note that installing the JDK on a Mac is performed on a system wide basis, for all users, and administrator privileges are required. You cannot install Java for a single user.
Installing the JDK also installs the JRE. The one exception is that the system will not replace the current JRE with a lower version. To install a lower version of the JRE, first uninstall the current version.
JDK 7 Installation Instructions
Installation of the 64-bit JDK on Mac Platforms
When you download the Java Development Kit (JDK), the associated Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is installed at the same time. The JavaFX SDK and Runtime are also installed and integrated into the standard JDK directory structure.
Depending on your processor, the downloaded file has one of the following names:
- jdk-7u<version>-macosx-amd64.dmg
- jdk-7u<version>-macosx-x64.dmg
Where <version> is 6 or later.
1. Download the file. Before the file can be downloaded, you must accept the license agreement.
2. From either the Downloads window of the browser, or from the file browser, double click the .dmg file to launch it.
3. A Finder window appears containing an icon of an open box and the name of the .pkg file Double click the package icon to launch the Install app.
4. The Install app displays the Introduction window. Click Continue.
Paint Tool For Mac
4a. Note that, in some cases, a Destination Select window appears. This is a bug, as there is only one option available. If you see this window, select Install for all users of this computer to enable the continue button. Click Continue.
Mac Jdk 8
5. The Installation Type window appears. Click Install.
Install A Jdk For Mac
6. A window appears which says 'Installer is trying to install new software. Type your password to allow this.' Enter the Administrator login and password and click Install Software.
7. The software is installed and a confirmation window appears. Click the ReadMe for more information about the installation.
After the software is installed, delete the dmg file if you want to save disk space.
Determining the Default Version of the JDK
A: If you have not yet installed Apple's Java Mac OS X 2012-006 update, then you are still using a version of Apple Java 6 that includes the plug-in and the Java Preferences app. See Note for Users of Macs that Include Apple Java 6 Plug-in.
There can be multiple JDKs installed on a system – as many as you wish.
When launching a Java application through the command line, the system uses the default JDK. It is possible for the version of the JRE to be different than the version of the JDK.
You can determine which version of the JDK is the default by typing java -version in a Terminal window. If the installed version is 7u6, you will see a string that includes the text 1.7.0_06. For example:
To run a different version of Java, either specify the full path, or use the java_home tool:
For more information, see the java_home(1) man page.
Uninstalling the JDK
To uninstall the JDK, you must have Administrator privileges and execute the remove command either as root or by using the sudo(8) tool.
Navigate to /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines and remove the directory whose name matches the following format:*
For example, to uninstall 7u6:
Do not attempt to uninstall Java by removing the Java tools from /usr/bin. This directory is part of the system software and any changes will be reset by Apple the next time you perform an update of the OS.
*The 7u4 and 7u5 releases were installed into a directory that does not follow this format. To uninstall 7u4 or 7u5, remove the 1.7.0.jdk directory from the same location.
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